Causation

Lanbuk on the Law of Torts · 1969

Principle established: The 'but for' test: the claimant must show that but for the breach the damage would not have occurred.

Lanbuk on the Law of Torts · 1952

Principle established: An independent natural event can break the chain of causation.

Lanbuk on the Law of Torts · 1901

Principle established: Nervous shock is recoverable where it arises from a reasonable fear of immediate personal injury; Kennedy J also stated the thin skull rule.

Sierra Leone — Supreme Court · 1963

Principle established: A slanderer is liable for special damage resulting from third-party repetition only if the repetition was authorised, intended, natural, or legally or morally required.

Sierra Leone — Supreme Court · 1963

Principle established: An originator of slander is not liable for damage resulting from repetition unless the repetition was authorised, intended, the natural consequence of the utterance, or made under a moral obligation.

Lanbuk on the Law of Torts · 1982

Principle established: Negligent intervention by a third party is more likely to break the chain than reasonable conduct.

Lanbuk on the Law of Torts · 1969

Principle established: If an injured person acts unreasonably, the defendant is not liable for injury caused by that conduct (Lord Reid).

Lanbuk on the Law of Torts · 1921

Principle established: The direct consequences test for remoteness.

Lanbuk on the Law of Torts · 1974

Principle established: A defendant takes the victim as he finds him, and a non-causative breach by another does not break the chain.

Lanbuk on the Law of Torts · 1773

Principle established: Involuntary or instinctive acts of third parties do not break the chain of causation.

Lanbuk on the Law of Torts · 1962

Principle established: Eggshell skull rule: once the kind of harm is foreseeable, the defendant is liable for its full extent.

Lanbuk on the Law of Torts · 1969

Principle established: Reasonable conduct by an injured claimant does not break the chain of causation.